Duran Kalkan is a co-founder and member of the Executive Committee of the PKK. In this extensive interview, he talks about how to understand democratic socialism in the new paradigm and the importance of social sciences. In addition to the history of democratic civilisation, he describes how to understand state and revolution. Furthermore, he discusses the question of the revolutionary vanguard in the construction of democratic modernity as well as the class question. The interview was conducted in May 2023 in the Medya Defence Areas (Southern Kurdistan).